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A Christian Theory of Knowledge (Van Til, Cornelius)

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In this follow-up to his seminal work, The Defense of the Faith, Cornelius Van Til continues to explore “in greater detail the nature and implications of our commitment to Scriptural authority,” articulating a Reformed apologetic harmonious with the Christian faith. Through a dazzling survey of perspectives—the church fathers, Thomas Aquinas, Herman Bavinck, B. B. Warfield, Oliver Buswell, and others—Van Til expresses a vibrantly Reformed epistemology founded on the Word of God. A Christian Theory of Knowledge ranks among Van Til’s foremost works, critical to grasping a Reformed covenantal apologetic. Long out of print, this edition has been completely retypeset and furnished with an introduction and helpful annotations by K. Scott Oliphint.


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Endorsements

“The republication of this volume is most welcome. Fully consistent with the apostolic demand to bring every thought captive in obedience to Christ as that is to be done under the final authority of the self-attesting Christ of Scripture, the robust and penetrating theological epistemology this book provides is needed as much today as when it first appeared. Oliphint’s copious annotations throughout enhance its usefulness.”

Richard B. Gaffin, Jr., Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Biblical and Systematic Theology, Westminster Theological Seminary

“Every time I revisit his writings—which is often—I find my conviction re-inforced that Cornelius Van Til is the most important and incisive Reformed thinker of the last hundred years. I’m therefore delighted that Westminster Seminary Press is reissuing A Christian Theory of Knowledge. The book makes for a challenging read, but it is replete with profound and illuminating insights, and Dr. Oliphint’s superb foreword and explanatory notes make it much more acces- sible to readers unfamiliar with Van Til’s thought and the theological principles that undergird his philosophical analyses.”

James N. Anderson, Carl W. McMurray Professor of Theology and Philosophy, Reformed Theological Seminary

Table of Contents

Foreword by K. Scott Oliphint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi

A Note on the Text and Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxi

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxiii

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxv

I. Preliminary Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

II. The Holy Scriptures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

A. The Self-Sufficiency of Scripture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

B. Facts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

1. The Phenomena of Scripture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

2. Facts Outside of Scripture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

C. Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

III. The Autonomous Man . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

A. The Necessity of Scripture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

B. The Question of Authority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

1. Schleiermacher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

2. Recent British Theologians . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

3. Dialectical Theology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

C. The Sufficiency of Scripture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

D. The Perspicuity of Scripture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

IV. The Church Fathers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

A. Philo Judaeus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

B. The Church Fathers in General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

C. The Apostolic Fathers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

1. Clement of Rome—Ethics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

2. Ignatius—Heresy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

3. Polycarp—Authority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

D. The Apologists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

1. Justin Martyr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

2. Athenagoras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

3. Irenaeus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

4. Tertullian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

a. B. B. Warfield on Tertullian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

b. Apology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

c. An Answer to the Jews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

d. The Soul’s Testimony . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

e. A Treatise on the Soul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

f. Authority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

5. Alexandrianism (Clement and Origen) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

a. Clement on Authority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

b. Origen on Epistemology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

E. Saint Augustine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

1. Early Writings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

a. Augustine’s Rationalism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

b. Augustine’s Irrationalism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

2. Later Writings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

a. The Two Cities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

b. True Freedom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

V. From Sovereign Grace to Synergism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

A. Plotinus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

B. The Aereopagite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

C. Johannes Scotus Erigena . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

D. Natural Theology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

E. Mystical Theology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

VI. Autonomy Plus Authority: Roman Catholicism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

A. Earlier Official Writings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

1. Trent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

2. Vatican I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

B. The Attributes of Scripture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

1. Necessity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

2. Authority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

3. Perspicuity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

4. Sufficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

C. The Thomistic Paideia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169

D. Vatican II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175

1. Herman Bavinck on Trent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

2. G. C. Berkouwer on Vatican II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178

3. The Documents of Vatican II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188

VII. Evangelicalism and Scripture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

A. Lutheranism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

1. Francis Pieper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

2. Karl Francke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

B. Arminianism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

1. Richard Watson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216

2. Joseph Butler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

3. John Miley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

VIII. Natural Theology and Scripture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225

[A.] Kuyper and Warfield on Apologetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233

IX. Hamilton’s Basis of Christian Faith . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

A. The Existence of the Soul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

B. The Nature of the Reasoning Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264

C. The Insuperable Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266

X. Buswell’s Systematic Theology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279

A. Natural Theology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283

B. What Is God? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284

1. The Cosmological Argument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286

2. The Teleological Argument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288

3. The Anthropological Argument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289

4. The Moral Argument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290

5. The Ontological Argument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290

C. Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292

1. Buswell Modifies Thomas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292

2. Buswell Rejects Presuppositionalism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294

[a.] A Basic Misunderstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296

3. Buswell’s Natural Theology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314

4. The Unbeliever Replies to Buswell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315

XI. The Dilemma of Western Thought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319

A. Demythologization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321

B. Existential Interpretation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321

C. Dimensionalism Is No Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331

D. Demythologization Again . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340

E. Peace On Earth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346

F. Traditional Apologetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348

XII. The Dilemma of Modern Theology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

A. A New Quest of the Historical Jesus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

B. Christ without Myth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360

C. Primal Thinking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366

D. Preaching the New Objectivism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367

Index of Subjects and Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373

Index of Scripture References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383

Product Details

Title: A Christian Theory of Knowledge 

Author: Van Til, Cornelius

Publisher: Westminster Seminary Press

Pages: 420

Binding: Hardcover

Size: 23.5 x 16.0 x 3.4 cm

ISBN: 9781955859080

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